Guides

Glossary

Short definitions of the terms used in the guides and on DijiUni screens. Each term has its own link, so a definition can be shared by its address.

26 terms

Annex 1 (minimum fields of a micro-credential certificate)

The annex to YÖK's Micro-credentials Procedures and Principles listing 11 minimum fields: identity, course title, institution, date, learning outcomes, ECTS, TQF level, assessment method, form of participation, success criteria and quality assurance. Annex 1 table →

Bitstring Status List

A W3C standard that records the revocation or suspension status of issued credentials with one bit per credential. The list contains no personal data; when an institution revokes a credential, every copy shows as revoked at the next verification.

CLR 2.0 (Comprehensive Learner Record)

A 1EdTech standard that combines several badges and learning records into one signed learning portfolio. Each badge keeps its own signature, so a recognition committee can verify all of them from one document.

did:web

A W3C community method that identifies an organisation and its public key through a document published under its web domain. Verifiers can check a badge signature with that key without contacting the issuing platform.

Digital badge

A digital document that shows a learning achievement, carries the issuing institution's electronic signature and can be verified online at any time. In YÖK's terms it is a verifiable, portable, standards-compliant representation of a micro-credential. What is a digital badge? →

Digital signature

A cryptographic value produced from a document's content and the issuer's private key, verifiable with the public key. If a single character of the document changes, the signature no longer matches.

Digital wallet

An online account where holders store, manage and share their digital badges securely, portably and under their own control (YÖK Procedures and Principles, art. 4). It holds learning documents, not money. Digital wallet guide →

DijiUni

DijiUni is a platform developed by EXERT that lets universities issue certificates and micro-credentials as verifiable Open Badges 3.0 digital badges, lets holders keep them in a digital wallet, and lets anyone verify them at a single address. Why DijiUni? →

e-Devlet Gateway

Turkey's official e-government portal (turkiye.gov.tr) giving single-point access to public services. It is not a document store; it forwards document queries to the issuing institution's query service.

ECTS (European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System)

A credit unit expressing learner workload; under YÖK's Micro-credentials Procedures and Principles 1 ECTS equals 25 hours of workload. Credit recognised from micro-credentials may be at most 10% of a programme's total ECTS. Micro-credentials guide →

Europass Digital Credentials (EDC)

The European Union's infrastructure for issuing learning credentials in signed, verifiable form. It uses the W3C verifiable credentials model and the European Learning Model.

Evidence of learning

Performance tasks, portfolios, projects and assessment outputs showing that learning outcomes were achieved (YÖK Procedures and Principles, art. 4). It can be kept at a separate, access-controlled address instead of inside the badge.

Issuer

The institution that issues and signs a digital badge. The badge's issuer field shows the issuer profile and where the signature verification key can be found.

KVKK

Turkey's Personal Data Protection Law No. 6698 and the authority that enforces it. For digital certificates it requires privacy notices and explicit consent to be presented separately and ID numbers to be used minimally.

Learning outcome

A measurable statement of what a person is expected to know, do and demonstrate after completing a course. It is one of the mandatory Annex 1 fields.

Micro-credential

A short, flexible, small-scale qualification whose learning outcomes are verified by assessment and which is quality assured (YÖK Procedures and Principles, art. 4). Under certain conditions it can be converted into credit. YÖK micro-credentials guide →

Micro-credential certificate

A digital certificate containing the 11 minimum fields of Annex 1. It is issued by the university that delivered the course and recorded in a digital badge created on a digital wallet platform.

Open Badges 3.0

The version of 1EdTech's digital badge standard built on the W3C Verifiable Credentials 2.0 data model. It defines a badge as a data record carrying the institution's signature that can move between wallets. Open Badges 3.0 explained →

Recognition

Accepting learning or a micro-credential earned elsewhere as credit at the student's own university (YÖK Procedures and Principles, art. 9). The certificate must carry the Annex 1 fields and be verifiable.

Revocation and suspension

Revocation permanently invalidates an issued credential; suspension pauses it temporarily. Both are published in the status list and shown separately in the verification result.

SEM (Continuing Education Centre)

The university unit that runs certificate and training programmes open to the public. SEM certificate programmes starting on or after 1 October 2026 are submitted to YÖK for approval through YÖKSİS. SEM and 1 October 2026 →

TQF (Turkish Qualifications Framework)

The national framework that defines the levels of qualifications earned in Turkey and how they relate. Micro-credentials are defined at TQF levels 5, 6, 7 and 8. TQF level 6 →

Verifiable credential

A W3C data model (VC Data Model 2.0) for an issuer's signed, machine-readable claim about a subject. Open Badges 3.0 badges are built on it.

Verification

Confirming that a document is genuine, unmodified and still valid. The signature, the issuer's identity, the validity period and the revocation status are checked together. How to verify a certificate →

Verification statement

A block on the certificate PDF that cannot be removed from the template: verification address, QR code, certificate number, issue date and the first characters of the document digest (SHA-256). The values match those on the verification page.

YÖKSİS and ABAYS

YÖKSİS is the Higher Education Information System; ABAYS is its Academic Unit Tree Management System. SEM certificate programme applications follow Unit Operations → ABAYS → Application → Certificate Programme Application.